Agilent Technologies HP 8642A/B Specifiche

Errata Title & Document Type: 3048A Phase Noise Measurement System Reference Manual Manual Part Number: 03048-90002 Revision Date: September 1989

c cal system, 7, 5 44. see also: HP 3048A Calibration Manual CALDATAHI, 5-45. see also: HP 3048A Calibration Manual CALDATALO, 5-45. see also: HP 3048

Phase Noise Without Using a PLL Define Msrmnt SOURCE AND INTER! FNTFK' THF Full OWING ffipflHETER;: lar r ier frequency ig K..E-.: in Fi --spt^i-

NOTE When loading a Result File for calculating Sigma vs. Tau, the carrier frequency used for the measurement must be entered in the Instrument Parame

Frequency Parameter Considerations • If the Carrier Frequency defined for the measurement is incorrect, the Computed Output calculations may be in err

External Detectors Using an External Phase Detector to measure a device with fundamental frequency less than 5 MHz or greater than 18 GHz requires spe

Phase Noise Using an FM Discriminator Define Msrmnt fnstr. Params SOURCE AND iNTERFJWPARflMETER ENTRY EriTEP iHt POL LfiWINH PfiF'flMFTFPc. i&a

Detector/Discr. Input Frequency is the frequency of the input signal connected to the HP 11848A's phase detector. The Detector/Discriminator Inpu

Detector Selection Internal 5 MHz to 1.6 GHz Internal 1.2 GHz to 18 GHz External Required Level (dBm) LPort + 15 to+23 +7 to+10 As required for the de

AM Noise Define Msrmnt Instr. Params mjjMiM*hTw:tottmdWHi ENlth' "Hi" riil li"ll!Nf. ^RPMEl^'i: - J. F - '= gi hr "

Detector/Discr. Input Frequency is the frequency of the input signal con-nected to the AM Detector. The Detector/Discriminator Input Frequency is used

AM Detector Considerations When using an AM Detector you should consider: • The frequency range of the AM Detector. • The power level the AM Detector

counters, 6-45 couplers, 2-73, 6-64 Create Dir. (create directory), 2-126, 3 18 Current Detector Constant, 2-44 w/o PLL, 2 59 Cutler, 4-11 cutoff freq

Calibr Process Introduction The Calibration Process softkey accesses the menu for defining the calibration method for the measurement. The calibration

Calibration for the Phase Noise Using a Phase Lock Loop Measurement Define Msrmnt _^l Calibr Process! DETERMINATION OF PHASE DETECTOfflBNSTfiNT FIND V

The Phase Detector Constant Introduction The phase detector translates relative phase fluctuations between the two phase detector inputs to voltage fl

Parameter Entry Descriptions Use the Current Detector Constant When measuring similar devices the "Use the Current Detector" method can be u

OUT ©-REF SOURCE RF SPECTRUM ANALYZER OR POWER METER Figure 2-12. R Port Power Setup Diagram HP 3048A + 15 .6 35 :? 11 .06 .035 ->r-> C o -t-Jy—

The AUX MONITOR port on the HP 11848A Phase Noise Interface pro-vides an output for monitoring the beatnote. Connecting an oscilloscope to this output

Measure the Detector Constant When "Measure the Detector Constant" is selected, the HP 3048A system automatically measures the Phase Detecto

insufficient power at the L input port on the HP 11848A can cause excessive conversion loss through the phase detector. In addition, the beatnote may

The sensitivity of the HP 11848A front panel meter depends on the gain and attenuation settings within the phase lock circuitry. When the system is ph

The VCO Tuning Constant Introduction The VCO Tuning Constant is the frequency sensitivity of the VCO source to voltage changes at its control voltage

Detector Constant, 3-7, 7-2. see also: Phase Detector Constant estimating, 2-91, 7 2 w/PLL, 2 43 detector selection, AM Noise, 2 39 w/FM Discriminator

Parameter Entry Descriptions Use the Current Tuning Constant This calibration method uses the value of the Tuning Constant currently in memory. Select

Extending the VCO Tuning Voltage Range value as denned on the Instru-ment Parameters display to 10V is a valid way to increase the Peak Tun-ing Range

Consideration for the VCO Tuning Constant The VCO's tuning curve must be within the parameters shown in the following graph. -45% FREQUENCY CHANG

The Loop Suppression Verification Introduction Verification of the Phase Lock Loop Suppression insures that the Phase Lock Loop Bandwidth (PLL BW), th

Specification Degradation has been detected. (For information about the appropriate actions to take when Reference Message 12 appears, please refer to

Considerations for the Loop Suppression Verification Verification of the loop suppression may be prevented by excessive noise close to the carrier, by

Calibration for the Phase Noise Without Using a PLL Measurement L-ELECT >"FH IERRTIDN TECHNIQUE. .. .. .[ f'iris Nexl M-tf,..,:, ] Ubt- t

There are several methods available for calibrating the Phase Detector Constant when phase noise measurements are made without using a phase lock loop

Use the Current Detector Constant Introduction This calibration method configures the system to use the Phase Detector Constant currently in memory. T

CD £5 + 15 + 0) cc D c CO -15 -120 -130 -150 -160 -170 L Port Signal Level i3 A»umed to be Approximate Phase Noise Floor (dBc/Hz) Appropriate for the

DUT, 2-102, 3-11 DUT source, 2 108 dynamic signal analyzer, see: HP 3561A E EFC, 6-8, 7-18 enhanced tuning range, 2 27, 7 18 entered K_VCO, 3-5. see a

Derive From Measured +/- DC Peak Introduction The Derive From Measured +/— DC Peak selection configures the system to measure the positive and negativ

Considerations for the Derive From Measured +/- DC Peak Method This method for determining the Phase Detector Constant provides more accuracy than an

Derive From Measured Beat-Note Introduction The beatnote method for calibrating the Phase Detector Constant requires two signal sources. Usually one s

1 Setup SOURCE LINE STRETCHER DUT < POWER SPLITTER HP 3048A 2 Measure Input Level LINE STRETCHER DUT SOURCE < POWER SPLITTER RF SPECTRUM ANALYZE

Description of the Beatnote Calibration Method Beatnote Frequencies Less Than 1 kHz To determine the Phase Detector Constant from a beatnote, the cali

of less than 30 kHz will insure that the third harmonic (90 kHz) can be measured.) Considerations for the Derive from Measured Beat-Note Method This m

Derive From Double Sided Spur Introduction The Derive From Double Sided Spur method is one of the most accurate Detector Constant Calibration methods

LINE STRETCHER DUT POWER SPLITTER 0 PHASE MODULATOR 50 fl LOAD -10 dB ATTEN HP 3048A 2 Measuring Relative Spur Level LINE STRETCHER DUT HP 3048A SOURC

Description of the Double Sided Spur Calibration Method An RF spectrum analyzer is required to measure the relative difference between the fundamental

When the Connect Diagram appears, the Calibr Process softkey will provide access to the the Determination of Phase Detector Constant display (Calibr P

FM rate and deviation calibration w/FM discriminator, 2-85 FM spectral density, 2 117, 3-21 Fnctl. Chk., 10, 5-44 fractional frequency deviation, 4-9

Derive From Single Sided Spur Introduction The Derive From Single Sided Spur method is a very accurate method for calibrating the Detector Constant. H

1 Setup SOURCE LINE STRETCHER DUT r, POWER SPLITTER 0 -20 dB COUPLER 50 fl LOAD -10 dB ATTEN HP 3048A 2 Measuring Relative Spur Level LINE STRETCHER D

Description of the Single Sided Spur Calibration Method A second RF signal generator and a directional coupler are required to inject the calibration

When the system measures the calibration spur, the analyzer does a peak search over a frequency span of two times the entered spur offset frequency. O

Calibration for the FM Discriminator Measurement Define Msrrnnt DETERMINATION OF 1LIUJ i'fiL 1EPHTIUN Mb 1 HUD ...[ h~5E 'NPX) Mrt'irrl

NOTE The context of this calibration process applies directly to a delay line FM discriminator. These calibration processes will also apply to other t

Use the Current Discriminator Constant Introduction This calibration method configures the system to use the Discriminator Constant currently in memor

Estimating the Discriminator Constant The Phase Detector Constant can be estimated directly from the R port input power level. (Providing the power le

Considerations When Using the Current Discriminator Constant User entry is potentially the least accurate method for determining the Discriminator Con

Derive From Double Sided Spur Introduction The Derive From Double Sided Spur method is one of the most accurate Discriminator Constant Calibration met

HP 11729C specs, 4, 6-33 HP 11808A, 6-61 HP 11848A block diagram, 5-42 HP 11848A Interface, 1-2, 5-35, 5-43 HP 11848A LNA, 3-12, 5 9, 7-2 HP 3048A, 1-

1 Setup HP 3048A PHASE MODULATOR DUT < POWER SPLITTER -10 dB ATTEN 50 fi LOAD -i_n_n_r OPTIONAL LINE STRETCHER 2 Measuring Relative Spur Level PHAS

Description of the Double Sided Spur Discriminator Constant Calibration Method An RF spectrum analyzer is required to measure the relative difference

measured and used to calculate the Discriminator Constant. This method compensates for both the non-linearity and harmonics of the phase detector. Con

Derive From FM Rate and Deviation Introduction The FM Rate and Deviation method is very accurate and is the only fully automated method for determinin

1 Setup DUT 2 Measure Discr. FM CAL SOURCE O* 3 Restore Setup DUT I < POWER SPLITTER | 0 u u u OPTIONAL LINE STRETCHER [~HP 3048A R I J<&-I

Description of the FM Rate and Deviation Spur Calibration Method The Calibration Source must have a calibrated FM output. The FM accuracy of the calib

System Control The system can control the calibration source if it is a supported RF Source and has been configured in the System Configuration Table.

AM Noise Define Msrmnt M ;Ei.-:rT i"R! [FIRfiTKIN 1LI.HNKJL1... . . . L Pi eb^ ' Nevt MP1|-.-..-| the air rent nptfrt™- 'icnsta Derive

Detector Constant. The primary considerations for selecting a calibration method are measurement accuracy and equipment availability. Technique Use th

Parameter Entry Descriptions Entering a Detector Constant The Detector Constant's value may be changed by keying in the desired value. The Accept

I Ignore Out Of Lock Test Mode, 10, 5-8 injection locking, 2 48, 2 56, 7-22. see also: HP 3048A Operating Manual Instr. Params, 2-13 Instrument Parame

Considerations When Using the Current Detector Constant User entry is potentially the least accurate method for determine the Detector Constant. This

Derive From Double Sided Spur Introduction The Derive From Double Sided Spur method is one of the most accurate Detector Constant Calibration methods

1 Setup DUT AM DETECTOR r, HP 3048A EXTERNAL NOISE iNPUT 2 Measuring Relative Spur Level CAL SOURCE WITH AM MODULATION RF SPECTRUM ANALYZER -A-0 [dBc

Description of the Double Sided Spur AM Detector Calibration Method An RF spectrum analyzer or modulation analyzer is required to measure the fundamen

When the system measures the calibration spur, the analyzer does a peak search over a frequency span of two times the entered spur offset frequency. O

Derive From Single Sided Spur Introduction The Derive From Single Sided Spur method is a very accurate method for calibrating the Detector Constant. H

1 Setup DUT -20 dB COUPLER AM DETECTOR 50 n LOAD -10 dB ATTEN HP 3048A r."XTFRNAL NOISE 2 Measuring Relative Spur Level DUT fO— v^7 RF CAL SOURCE

Description of the Single Sided Spur AM Detector Calibration Method A second RF signal generator and a directional coupler are required to inject the

Considerations for the Derive From Single-Sided Spur Method The power level at the AM detector input must remain the same for both calibration measure

Noise Measurement Using HP 3561A Only Define Msrmnt Caiibr Process L-am proceeding HP356!ft Input.. tVci?ptable Values: -100 TO 100 the previoiib menu

loop holding range, see: Drift Tracking Range loop suppression, 2-54, 3 9 loop suppression verification, 2-54, 3-9 Low Noise Amplifier, 3-12, 5 9, 5 4

Baseband Noise Measurement Define Msrmnt Calibr Process DETERMINATION OFraPGRflTION PROCESS -ppdsng HP11S4SR Noise Input. !c Valjes: -RIO TO 100 The o

Source Control Introduction The Source Control Diagram specifies what devices are to be used in the measurement and which devices are to be controlled

Phase Noise Using a Phase Lock Loop Define Msrmnt Source Control i SOURCE CONTROL FOR MEftSLIREfSBr USING R PHRSE LOCK LOOP DOT USER'S SPCE | J&q

TUNE VOLTAGE: The Tune Voltage can be configured to tune the VCO Source directly (Reference or DUT), or to tune the Time Base when the Time Base has b

Considerations for the Phase Noise Using a Phase Lock Loop Measurement When loading a Test File from the Mass Storage Media, it is possible for the So

Phase Noise Without Using a PLL Define Msrmnt Source Control ITHOUT ft PHASE LOCK LOOP i Phase ~| ! ;i,|fte-i 1 [HIT -, |— HP .- : i-_r' Softke

NOTE When measuring a Two Port device, the AM Noise con-tribution of the Source can affect the measurement. It is recommended that a Source with Low A

Considerations for the Phase Noise Without Using a PLL Measurement When loading a Test File from the Mass Storage Media, it is possible for the Source

Phase Noise Using an FM Discriminator Define Msrmnt:. Source Control SOURCE CONTROL FOR MEASUREMHSKSING RN FM DISCRIMINATOR -| f'has-? Shiferj 1

Phase Shifter: A Phase Shifter is required to achieve quadrature for the FM Discriminator measurement when the source frequency cannot be adjusted. De

microwave phase detector, see: Option 201 minimum averages, 3 -4 minimum x coordinate, 2-116, 3 20 minimum y coordinate, 2-117, 3 20 rev.05SEP89 Inde

Considerations for the Phase Noise Using an FM Discriminator Measurement When loading a Test File from the Mass Storage Media, it is possible for the

AM Noise Define Msrmnt Source Control _hh DE"!"LC7UR_ i-:.LP _. UL.'. I i-.ER' S hfiWJHL HIRiT_ SRLL '. '.NIKL CRL | fl

AM Detector: This block specifies the Amplitude Modulation Detector. In most cases, the AM Detector will be a USER'S device under manual control

Considerations for the AM Noise Measurement When loading a Test File from the Mass Storage Media, it is possible for the Source Control Diagram to be

Define Graph Define Msrmnt ENTER THE FOLLOWING PARAMETERS: Title..[J HP3B48A DEMO: ID Mhb "A" us. 10 MHz "B" Minimum X coordinate

Parameter Entry Descriptions n HP304BR DEMH: ly MHz '^" -. Ehp] 304BH Ciirncr: ]O.E+b Hz -33 OE-I 199 JQ -4Q --59 -P.O --'n -to --20 --

Minimum Y Coordinate: This parameter specifies the upper limit of the Y axis. The entry can be in integer or exponential form. The acceptable limits a

Horizontal Portion of the Display to be Used: This parameter allows you to specify the percentage of the horizontal display area you want to use for d

Placing Specification Lines on the Graph The Spec Lines feature allows you to place a reference line (specification line) on the Results Graph. The Sp

Consideration for Defining the Results Graph The HP 3048A will complete a measurement even though the ranges defined for the measurement are incorrect

mixer sensitivity, see: Phase Detector Constant modulation analyzer, 2-67, 2 93, 6 63 move down, 3 26 move up, 3-26 multimeter, 6-47 N N, 4-9 National

Test Files Define Msrmnt Test Files 1 L N a M FiNIN, PARAMETERS Paqe I *f r DATE STORED STORED AS . DEFAULT HEWLETT-PACKARD FACTORY NOISE FLATNESS TES

Description of the Test Files Test Files Shipped with the HP 3048A When the HP 3048A is shipped, it includes several predefined Test Files. The Test F

Floor Performance Test for a System configured with an HP 11729C Carrier Noise Set (Down Converter) and an HP 8662A or HP 8663A Synthesized Signal Gen

Store File: stores a Test File onto the specified Mass Storage Media. The Test File contains the defined measurement parameters and the Calibration Co

How to Manage the Test Files Storing a Test File It is recommended that you complete the measurement before storing the Test File to ensure that all o

Loading a Test File The following steps describe the procedure for loading a previously stored Test File. 1. Press 2. Press Define Msrmnt from the Ma

Graphics Functions 3 Introduction The HP 3048A Phase Noise Measurement System accesses the Graphics Functions through the Access Graph softkey. These

Param Summary Measure-men? Type Mar- Hffae' Fr eq ':iop OFfse' Freq M^n imLim flve-r aqes ' ar r ,ti Fr cqutll'iy Deiert inpu

Parameter Entry Descriptions The following is a listing of the parameters included in the summary along with a brief description of each parameter. Me

HP 3048A Phase Noise Measurement System Reference Manual m HEWLETT PACKARD Manual Boxed Set HP Part 03048-90002 (Reference Manual (03048-90002) not av

Option 003, 1-7 Option 004, 1-7 Option 005, 1 7 Option 006, 1-7 Option 101, 1-8 Option 110, 1 8 Option 201, 1-8 Option 202, 1-8 Option 910, 1 8 Out of

Carrier Frequency: The Carrier Frequency is used only for labeling the Results Graph, and for the calculation of Sy(f) and (Jy(r) when the HP 11729C D

Center Voltage: This is the voltage defined for tuning the VCO to the center of its tuning curve, or to the carrier frequency desired for the measurem

For the system to measure the Tuning Constant accurately, the VCO must tune monotonically across ± 45% of the Voltage Tune Range around the Center Vol

K_VCO Method: This is the calibration method selected for determining the VCO Tuning Constant. If "Measure the VCO Tuning Constant" is selec

Loop Suppression: This indicates whether or not the Phase Lock Loop (PLL) Suppression was verified. The PLL Suppression verification verifies the accu

Closed PLL Bandwidth: This is the predicted Phase Lock Loop Bandwidth (PLL BW) for the measurement. The predicted PLL BW is based on the predicted Pea

Degradations of >4 dB, the PTR and Assumed Pole are adjusted when the Theoretical Loop Suppression is fit to the smoothed measured Loop Suppression

Down Converter: This indicates whether or not a Down Converter is being used in the measurement. If the Down Converter being used is an HP 11729C, an

Result Files Access Graph 350-500 MHZ VCO 8' DISCRIMINATOR S656B OVEN OPT VS 8663(1 ST 100 MHZ %62A VS 8662A EFC Si AM NOISE 8341A 2.6 GHZ DEFAUL

Description A Result File should be stored any time a permanent record of the results is required, such as for verification of performance testing dur

Phase Noise, of various HP sources, 6-3, 7-6 Using an FM Discriminator, 2 35 Using a Phase Lock Loop measurement type, 2-4 Without Using a PLL, 2 31 W

Mass Storage: Accesses the Mass Storage Media display. The locations of the System files are defined in the Mass Storage Media display. Defining the M

Consideration for Result Files Copying the Result Files using copy routines provided in the Basic Operating System will not update the Result File Dir

Storing a Result File Once a measurement is completed and the Results Graph is displayed, you can store the measurement data in a Result File. The fol

Loading a Result File The following steps describe the procedure for loading a previously stored Result File. 1. Press 2. Press Access Graph if you ar

Creating a Directory The following steps describe the procedure for creating a new Result File Directory (Parm_Dir). 1. Define the location of the &qu

Define Graph Access Graph Define Graph "^ HP,3B4Bfi DEMO: 18 r\Hs " H "JB4BR Carriers 10.E+G Hz 23 «, 10 MHz "B1 ct 1397 J5H5:54 -

Parameter Entry Descriptions Title: This parameter allows you to enter a title for the Results Graph (up to 58 characters long). Minimum X Coordinate:

Horizontal Portion of the Display to be Used: This parameter allows you to specify the percentage of the horizontal display area you want to use for d

Graph Type Other than AM or Baseband Noise: This parameter specifies the data type in which the measurement results will be displayed. • Single-sideba

Marker ON/OFF Access Graph Introduction The Marker function allows you to read the amplitude and frequency of the displayed noise or spur level at a d

region of validity, 7-4 relation of L(f) to Allan Variance, 4 -13 remove line, 16, 3-26 repeat measurement, see; HP 3048A Operating Manual residual (t

Description The Marker's resolution is a function of the measurement span defined in the FFT and RF Segment Tables. Because each span for a parti

Slope Lines Access Graph Introduction The Slope Line function allows you to position lines on the display for estimating the slope of the measured noi

Softkey Descriptions Remove Line: Erases the line currently indicated by the position of the cursor. Hard Copy Hard Copy: Outputs the current display

Considerations for the Slope Lines Function Slope Lines can be stored in a Result File by storing the file after the Slope Lines have been defined. Sl

Plotters Introduction The HP 3048A outputs the displayed graphics to the plotter. A Plotter offers better resolution and allows use of colors for desi

Plot w/o Spurs Access Graph pother Keys' "yj Plot w/o Spurs Introduction The Plot Without Spurs function plots the measured noise data exclu

Description The Plot without Spurs graphic function replots the noise data on the current graticule. Therefore, to eliminate the spurs of the current

Vw K^> 1 VU L^ i i

Computed Outputs Introduction The Computed Outputs are the output functions available after the completion of a noise measurement. These outputs are d

Integr Noise Ac 'V Data cess Graph > Other Keys — IK 1 D'J 1 Ul! 1 i Cmputd Oi V - ./ integr 'loc -•1 -Ub *. -t; i iW " Hr t

small angle criteria L(f), see: region of validity sv(f), 2 -117, 3-21,4-4 Software Materials Subscription (SMS), 1-5 Software Notification Service (S

The Integrated Noise feature allows you to include or omit the detected spurs in the calculation. Detected spurs are not integrated as noise, but they

Start Freq. (in Hz) The system allows you to enter a start frequency within the range of the measured data. The (Acceptable Value) range is displayed

Frequency offsets > 100 kHz The HP 3048A System supports a number of RF Spectrum Analyzers for measuring frequency offsets greater than 100 kHz. Th

Description How Does the HP 3048A Compute Integrated Noise? The software routine begins by storing the marked spurs within the specified start and sto

Considerations for Computing Integrated Noise Unable to Integrate Over Non-contiguous Data This message appears on the display if the measured noise d

Sigma vs. Tau 1 Access Groph flccpptable Values: 2 TO W) To return to COMPUTED SESULTS1 [ Pr Introduction The Sigma vs. Tau function calculates fract

Allan Variance is the fractional frequency deviation versus the averaging time when N = 2 and T = r. This section describes the process used by the HP

NOTE The Sigma vs. Tau function uses the Carrier Frequency defined in the Instrument Parameters display for it computation. If Sigma vs. Tau is being

where: Sy(f) = ^S*(/) This equation is numerically integrated in the HP 3048A software. The lower limit of integration, 0, is replaced by the minimum

Table 4-3 shows the relationship of L(f) to Allan Variance for a power low-noise process. Using this table, an estimate of <7y(r) can be made direc

Sy{J), 2-117, 3 21, 4-4 System Config, 6-1 System Clock, 6 59 System Configuration, 6-1 T t, 4 9 tau (r), 4-9 table of data points for supported analy

Normalized Bandwidth _Access Graph ' :> Other Keys > Cmputd Outputs j] H- ha Introduction The Normalized Bandwidth function mathematically

Considerations When Changing the Normalized Bandwidth Changing the BW effects the noise data but does not effect the spur level. The HP 3048A does not

Normalization to 0 Hz Bandwidth When you enter a Normalized Bandwidth of 0 Hz, the system plots the measured noise data without normalizing it. Plotti

3 Osc. Compar. Access Graoh .- u '"'—> Other Keys' "' NCmoutd Outputs! '> 3 Osc.Cornpar. "Kis dau-fiks i

Description The 3 Oscillator Comparison function computes the noise level of three separate devices by measuring them in pairs (A vs. B, A vs. C, and

How to Make a 3 Oscillator Comparison 1. Measure the phase noise level of the three devices, measuring them in pairs, and store the results in three s

each result indicating that the data was computed, and only represents the noise level of one device. 10. To recall the results of each device, access

2 Osc. Compar. Ac lire data-.jci.Tdit'.: JrHi.un II Filr- ,-.,ot3 FIIP ,-oita cess /] Oth ilea to be c. ifl!:| fi3 (,. !BJ: Hi :I-,,I,-J 11 hn

Parameter Entry Descriptions Known Osc. The 3 Oscillator Comparison function must be used to determine the noise level of the reference device (Known

2. Access the 2 Oscillator Comparison display from the main software level by pressing Access Graph Other Keys Cmputd Outputs 2 Osc. Compar. NOTE The

u uncal light, 6-29 unmarked spurs, 4-22, 4-26, 4-28 Unnumbered Error Messages, 8 19 Update Dir, 2-123, 3-15 v V/y/Hz, 2-75 V/Rad, 2-57 VCO slope, see

Considerations for Making a 2 Oscillator Comparison Unmarked spurs can cause erroneous results for the 2 Oscillator Com-parison. Marked spurs are auto

Spur List Access Graph ' ".')] Other Keys ! !;"~"!.» Cmputd 1 [>sP S!ar1 Frequency I.HzJ :| 11) ) h\op l-retaiemy ill;). L

Table 4-4. HP 3048A Spur Marking Criteria Offset Frequency .01 Hz to 100 kHz >100 kHz to 40 MHz Number of Averages <4 4 to <8 8 to <30 >

1 Phase Jitter in the Frequency Domain Frequency domain jitter may be expressed in units of phase, frequency fractional frequency, or time. Jitter is

Frequency domain Phase Jitter in Unit Intervals Calculated by the User with the following equation. *rm,[Ur\ = &[$S4l(f)df]h Time Jitter in the Fr

Time domain Phase Jitter in degrees Calculated by the User with the following equation. A<j>rms[deg] - ay(r, //i)360°^0r Time domain Phase Jitte

Scale Data "Scale data to new carrier freq defined as: (fc) * [1]" (where fc is the defined carrier freqeuncy in the Instrument Parameters m

Shift Data "Shift all data (including spurs) DOWN by ...[0] dB" allows you to move the noise plot up or down by entering a shift factor. Ent

Input Power at Amplifier "Input power at amplifier for Noise Figure computation...[0] dBm" is used to create Noise Figure plots. Enter the i

Softkey Index This section includes a Softkey Map and Softkey Descriptions Table. The Softkey Map provides an overview of the HP 3048A's softkey

Special Functions Introduction The Special Functions allow the advanced user to manipulate the system or customize a measurement using the extended ca

Test Mode Spcl. To check !be per f.y marine o( HF3U48R '?ybtem To change the test mode Id modify meas. bectnrenib between DC and 100 kHr... To &

Description Normal Test The Normal Test Mode is the default operating condition for the HP 3048A. The Normal Test Mode configures the system to perfor

Phase Lock Loop Suppression Configuring the HP 3048A in the Trouble Shoot Mode also causes the system to display the plot of the PLL Suppression Curve

PLL GAIN CHANGE: This is the amount of gain change required to fit the Theoretical Loop Suppression curve to the measured loop suppression. A PLL GAIN

The PTR displayed should be approximately equal to the product of the VCO Tune Constant times the Voltage Tune Range. This will not be the case when a

VCO CONSTANT: This is the VCO Tuning Constant the system used for the measurement. The accuracy of the Tuning Constant determines the accuracy of the

Carrier Type Spcl. Funct'n To check the |.w f'..f man.-- r,f HFLTMSfi .-yalen I-.. <:hancie thp test mud. Ti mortify rneab. beame'i

Description Pulse Modulated Carriers When a pulse modulated carrier is input to the phase detector, the PULSED Carrier Type usually should be selected

[ \ 1—_*-\ .2V/div Figure 5-2. Oscilloscope Display of Maximum Acceptable Clipping Carrier Type 5-11

HF'SOfSFt PHASE NOI^E SYSTEM MAIN SOFTWARE LEVEL MAKE P- FHASt NO!'..E rCASMPFMFNT: U Def ;ns= tne- nseasui ciaeot [ P ,"') Keasu-

FFT Segmnts !DF-1 in 11 n") son i.f-> i'"iE> Plotted Range (H;) 10 [ r"in - 500 IS*'. t - 1CIE+3 - !UOE>: [_Spc 1. F

Description The Default Table Values The default FFT Segment Table provides an optimum set of values for most noise measurements. The default Segment

Ranges The Measurement Range entries in the Segment Table define the measure-ment bandwidth of each segment. The Plotted Range entry defines what port

Considerations for Changing the Minimum Number of Averages The default Minimum Average values have been selected so that the measurement time for each

Time Record Length The Time Record Length is also determined by the HP 3561A Frequency Span and cannot be set independently. The Time Record Length is

How to Change the FFT Segment Table Example for Decreasing Measurement Time The default FFT Segment Table can be modified to speed-up the measure-ment

Decreasing Measurement Time for Measuring .1 Hz Offsets The entries shown in the following table provide a decrease in measure-ment time for measuring

Example for Increasing Measurement Resolution The FFT Segment Table shown below demonstrates how measurement resolution can be increased by dividing a

Example for Increasing Measurement Resolution at Specific Frequencies The FFT Segment Table shown below is configured to cause the HP 3048A to measure

RF Segmnts Spcl. Funct'n RF Segmnts SWEEP-SEGMENT DEtWTlONS FOR RF ANALYZER Plotted Range I Hz) Measurement Ranqe (Hz) KiOE+3 3 - T0DE+:, 5G0E+3

HP3048A Phase Noise System Main Software Level [Repeat Msrmnt^^BNew Msrmnt^^B System Preset | Define Msrrnnt^MAccess Graph^^f Spcl. Funct^^^^^|Systern

Description The Default Table Values The default RF Segment Table provides an optimum set of values for most noise measurements from 100 kHz to 40 MHz

Considerations for Modifying the Segment Table There is a basic trade-off between the resolution of a measurement and the time the measurement takes.

Bandwidth The Bandwidth is automatically set by the HP 3048A to the appropriate value for each Measurement Range. The bandwidths defined in the RF Seg

Sweep Time The defined Sweep Time value for each segment affects the accuracy of the measurement results more than any other parameter in the RF Segme

Noise Monitor / NewNse Monitor Spcl. Funct'n | Spcl. Funct'n Noise Monitor NewNse Monitor! REAL-TIME NOISE HON To modify the valid nt-asui&q

Noise Monitor vs. New Noise Monitor Noise Monitor and New Noise Monitor are the same function except that softkey is selected, a measurement calibrati

Take Sweep: Performs a sweep of the displayed frequency span as defined in the Segment Table, from the Start Freq. to the Stop Freq. Take Sweep will u

How to Use Noise Monitor Evaluating a Single Offset Frequency 1. Press the SPAN softkey to increment the frequency span. The increment values are the

NOTE The user is responsible for setting the Front Panel con-trols on the analyzer for Real Time Measurements. The HP 3048A Noise Monitor function wil

NOTE The MARKER "ANALYZER" function should only be used within the offset frequency ranges defined in the Plot Ranges in the RF Segment Tabl

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (1 of 17) Key Name 0 to 100 kHz .1 to 40 MHz 2 Osc. Com par. 3 Osc. Com par. 3048A Sys Chk 3561A Span 11729C Specs 11848

11848A Control Spcl. Funct'n "> 1 184f Control IMIfeEMil^a.lWx^flaMdBHM.i Iv.e^aol URIM1: '".flit:: >i '..WIRH NUMDER;

Description NOTE If HP 11848A settings are changed by the user, it is possible for the Measurement Results to not be valid until a New Measurement is

Table 5-3. List of Circuit Controls for the HP 11848A (1 of 2) Control DAC1 DAC2 DAC3 GAIN1 GAIN2 GAIN3 ATTEN1 ATTEN2 ATTEN3 Description Digital to an

Table 5-3. List of Circuit Controls for the HP 11848A (2 of 2) Control H SWITCH NUMBER: F SWITCH NUMBER: LAG-LEAD FILTER: SELECTED 'K' SWITC

Considerations When Using the 11848A Control Moving the Cursor Use the TAB key to move the cursor horizontally left to right. (SHIFT TAB moves the cur

K Switches Switches K8 and K9 switch together, and switches Kll and K14 switch together. Thus, if "8" is keyed into the K switch field, &quo

Block Diagram Notes Switches on tine Block Diagram are shown in their HP-IB preset state. At Interface turn-on with no controlier connected, the power

-^- "=:L::i:^^^¥^fiT"-'Kri^^J.Uif^ n^^t=H^?.i !.l|l pfT^T-i^^^^^T^] A9 400 MHz OSCILLATOR ASSEMBLY r. « MM» 58 dB OSCILLATOR PAD 50 dB

This document contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be photocopied,

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (2 of 17) Key Name Access Graph Adjust A3 Adjust A4 AM Detect. AUX. Caldata Description Displays the noise graph that is

3048A Sys Chk I Spci. Funct'n 3048A Sys Chk HF1 3CI48F! SYSTEM CHECKi To verify suitohmg Einrj operation of the Hf'l To verify HP'<i

Softkey Descriptions The following functions are available from the HP 3048 System Checks display. Int. Adj'mt: Accesses the adjustment procedure

Description The Calibration Routines The Cal System softkey accesses the calibration routines for the Phase Lock Loop path and the HP 11848A. These ca

How to Manage Calibration Data Loading Calibration Data The Load Caldata softkey initiates the routine to load caldata from the mass media. If the Sys

System Configuration Introduction The System Configuration menu allows you to set up a table of supported equipment that you want to have under HP-IB

The HP 3048A uses the System Configuration to determine: • Which instruments are on the bus. • Available selections on the Source Control display. • M

RF Sources System Config FFT ANALYZER INTERFACE PRINTER RF SOURCE 1 RF SOURCE 2 RF SOURCE 3 RF SOURCE 4 3561 Pi 118480 THK JET RR62R 86425 8656B 8S57A

Table 6-2. Source Specifications Model HP 8662A HP 8663A HP 8642A HP 8642B HP 8656B HP 8657A HP 11729C with HP 8662/3 Frequency Range 10 kHz to 1280 M

Description To configure a supported RF Source into the system, enter the Name (RF Source), Model Number, and HP-IB Address into the System Configura-

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (3 of 17) Key Name A vs. B File A vs. C File B vs. C File Cal 10A Cal 10B Cal 400 Cal to 100 kHz Calto 40 MHz Cal All Sr

Considerations When Choosing an RF Source HP 8662A/HP 8663A Performance HP S6G2/-3R with 18 kHz DCFM, 10 MHz R, and ETC. (U/D Spurs [hp] 3048R Carrier

Tuning the HP 8662A or HP 8663A The HP 8662A or HP 8663A can be used as the VCO in a phase lock loop using three different configurations. These confi

SOURCE CONTROL FOR HEftSUREMENT USING ft PHASE LOCK LOOP OUT USER'S SRCE MRNUflL CNTRL _DN CONV._ NOT IN USE UP i1848ft REF SOURCE 3662H SYSTEM C

DC FM can also be used to tune the HP 8662A/63A. DC FM provides wide peak tuning range for measuring sources that have high close-in noise or spurs, o

VER FY BEflTNOTE USER'S DUT F»F OUT • 8662A - FM IK FJF OUT -I 1S4QH a 3 5S1R D 10 0 0 1 1 3585R 50 Ohn Figure 6-5. DC FM Connect Diagram 10

The amount of tuning allowed at the external reference input to the HP 8662/63A is restricted to a ±25 ppm deviation and by the HP 3048A PLL bandwidth

NOTE The Source Control diagram and Connect diagram show the 10 MHz A front panel output connected to the Time Base input of the HP 8662A/63A. This ou

Center Volt.: 0 V. USER'S DUT RF OUT -RF OUT • VERIFY BEfiTNOTE 1 Press 'Proceed' when ready. 1 1 a 4 S H a 3 5 G 1 R 1 |000 □ "&q

SOURCE CONTROL FOR MEASUREMENT USING fl PHASE LOCK LOOP OUT USER'S SRCE MANUAL CNTRL _[!N CONV._ NOT [N USE _REF SOURCE^ 8662A SYSTEM CNTRL _TiME

HP 8642A Performance HP TEST 8E42FVB VS. 8G6: [hp] 304BR Carrier: G40.E+G Hz i i 11 '63 RES NOISE @ S4 8 MHz 29 flug 199? 34:22:59 - 14:29:34 Car

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (4 of 17) Key Name Cal Int Srcs CAL Source CAL System Calibr Process Carrier Type Center Voltage SHIFT Center Voltage Cl

Tuning the HP 8642A/B Table 6-4. Maximum Peak Deviation for the HP 8642A/B Carrier Frequency (MHz) 0.1 to 132.1875 (HET)* 0.1 to 4.130859 4.130860 to

HP 8656B Performance HP 8G5 6E vs. S6G2R - 640 REFERENCE using '5BE DCFM [hp] 38-tSfi Carrier: 640.E4-6 Hz 9 Jun 1989 14:41:39 - 14:49:54 1 p I &

HP 8657A Performance -10 -28 -30 -40 -59 -G0 -70 -S3 -90 -L00 -L L0 -L20 -L30 -L40 -L50 -168 -170 HP 8657B vs. BGG2H - 640 REFERENCE using '57 DC

HP 11729C Performance HP TEST 11729C-'8BG2,G3 VS. [hp] 304BR Carrier: 2.1167E+9 Hz -i 1 rn 1 lit; 1 f—TTT 1 i v" 1172908662^63 RES NSE 39 Pl

SOURCE CONTROL FOR MEASUREMENT USING R PHASE LOCK LOOP DOT USER'S SRCE MANUAL CNTRL _REF SOURCE^ 8662ft SYSTEM CNTRL _TIME ERSE_ NOT IN USE m CON

RF Analyzers System Config NAME FFT ANALYZER INTERFACE PRINTER RF ANALYZER B MODEL t 3561A 11848R THK JET 3585FS E ftDDR 712 728 701 711 SERIAL ft OPT

Table 6-7. Supported RF Analyzers Model HP 3585A/B HP 8566A/B HP 8567A HP 8568A/B HP 71000 Frequency Range 20 Hz to 40 MHz 100 Hz to 22 GHz 1 kHz to 1

Description To configure an RF Analyzer into the system, enter the Name (RF Analyzer), Model Number, and HP-IB Address of the RF Analyzer into the Sys

RF Analyzer Segment Table Modification The following information deals with the RF analyzer segment table. The values in this table will affect the ac

You can set all fields on the RF segment table, but you must also be able to set the values on the particular RF Analyzer you are using. The accuracy

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (5 of 17) Key Name Cmputd Outputs Control Create Dir CW Dae Tests Data Type Deer. HPF Deer. LPF Define Graph Define Msrm

particular RF spectrum analyzer supports other bandwidths they can be used. Refer to your RF spectrum analyzer Operating and Service manual for a list

4. Perform the sweep on the known signal again with the new sweep time setting and measure the amplitude of the known signal. 5. Compare the results o

Considerations When Using an RF Analyzer The System is limited to a Peak Tuning Range of less than 500 kHz without an RF analyzer configured. Sources

Down Converters System Config MODEL ft HDDR SERIRL 9 OPTION t FFT ANALYZER INTERFRCE PRINTER RF SOURCE DOWN CONVERTER 3561R 1184BR THK JET 8862A H729C

Description The HP 3048A can be configured with a down converter under manual or system control. Typically down converters translate the frequency of

The HP 11729C creates a series of comb line frequencies based on a 640 MHz reference. These comb lines have specified band pass filters centered on mu

SPEC in CRT [ON OF L.O. FREUUENCIES FOR HP11729C Enter the 'N' values of the HP11729C [80 [ 3 [ 7 [ It [ 15 E 19 E 23 [ 27 E X X X X X X X X

Considerations When Using a Down Converter Absolute System Noise Floor The HP 11729C measurement system noise floor is dependent on the RF reference s

-50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 -130 -140 -150 -160 -170 -180 r vr' - Xy ^V ^ -------! " r T"' T 11 i ill \ ^ N —i—T"»i

DC FM vs. EFC or 10 MHz A/B Making measurements using a PLL requires that one of the sources being measured is a VCO. A VCO can be used to track or tu

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (6 of 17) Key Name Delete fnstr. Delete Point Detect Const DONE Down Convert DUT DUT Source Enter State EFC/DCFM Eval Al

V. VERIFY GEftTNOTE ^ I MHz V Range: +/- 2 V. 1 1729C uTEGT EN I,F, OUT USER'S DUT FN 1M RF OUT 86G2R RF OUT • Press 'Proceed' uhen rea

Using the HP 11848A internal 10 MHz A source as the time base for the HP 8662A will extend the tuning of the 640 MHz reference, thereby increasing the

Center Volt.: -40.E-3 V. VERIFY BEFlTNOTE < 1 MHz V Range: +/- 2 V, 1 \?l ' uTEET EN 9C I,F. OUT * USER " =; DUT RF PUT » « EFC IN OF

Tuning the reference RF Source Tuning the reference at the down converted frequency is the most common method for creating a PLL with the maximum PTR.

SOURCE CONTROL FOR MEASUREMENT US NG ft PHASE LOCK LOOP DUT USER'S SRCE MANUAL CNTRL __DN CONV._ USER'S DEV. MANUAL CNTRL HP 11848A _REF SOU

AM measurements using the HP 11729C Option 130 For AM Noise measurements please refer to the Signal Source Applications chapter "AM Noise Using a

Frequency Counters MODEL t ADDR System Config FFT ANALYZER INTERFACE PRINTER COUNTER 3561A 11843A THK JET f.?36A 7i£ 730 701 | 703 s eptable Values: 7

Description To configure a Frequency Counter into the system, enter the Name (Counter), Model Number, and HP-IB Address into the System Configu-ration

Digital Voltmeters NAME MODEL t ADDR SER1RL 8 OPTION » FFT ANALYZER 3561A 712 INTERFACE 11848A 720 PRINTER THK JET 791 VOLTMETER 3478A g 70fl_ Q Accep

Description The time required for making a measurement is reduced by using a voltmeter in place of the voltage measuring capability of the HP 3561A. M

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (7 of 17) Key Name Eval intgrl Eval Sigma FFT Segmnts Fnctl. Chk. Freeze Files Graph Type Hard Copy SHIFT Hard Copy HELP

Controllers Model HP 310 HP 320 HP 9836A HP 9836C HP 82315B HP 332 HP R332 HP 370 HP318M HP319C The Vectr Display 35731A 98782A Standard Standard Stan

Considerations When Using a Controller Some controllers are faster than others, therefore the measurement times may be decreased by making calculation

Mass Storage Devices TYPE OF FILE Calibra!ion Data | Test Parameter Fi les Test Resui t Files System Configuration Alternate Test System Locat'n

Description The Mass Storage device is configured in the Mass Storage Table accessed through the System Configuration Table. You can specify the Mass

If the HP 3048A Phase Noise Measurement System is calibrated off-site or disconnected from a hard disc or SRM mass storage device, the Calibration Dat

Plotter Sy s t em Config MODEL « ADDR SERIAL # UPT10N « DOWN CONVERTER 1172VL FFT fWSLYZER "fieiFt INTERFRCE 11343ft PRINTER THK JET RF RNRLYZER

Description To configure a Plotter in the System, return to the Main Software Level and softkey. Enter the Name (Plotter), Model Number, System Conf p

To plot the Results Graph as displayed on the screen, return to the Main softkey. When the Access Graph Access Graph Software Level and press the soft

System Clock | System~Config _^rf> System Clock 6 Jun 1988, 09:10:00 New Date and Time 6 May 1987. 09:39:15 To return to 'SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

Considerations for the System Clock Time information is stored with the Results Files. When plotting multiple noise graphs the system will display the

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (8 of 17) Key Name Instr. Params Known File List Spurs Load Alt. Load Caldata Load Config Load File Load Table Lock Loop

Load Alternate Program System Config Mass Storage DEFINITION OFWE LOCATION: TVPE OF FILE MUSS STORAGE LOCUTION Ca! ibration Da la Test Parameter File

Description To access the Load Alternate Program from the Main Software Level press the System Config. softkey When the System Configuration softkeys

Additional Equipment The following is a list of additional equipment that may be useful with the system. Modulation Analyzers HP 8901A/B HP 8902A 150

Amplifiers HP 3048A Option K22 Dual RF Amplifier HP 8447A Preamp HP 8447D Preamp HP 8447E Amplifier Specified Phase Noise 9 dB gain, NF Typically <

Printers Any HP-IB printer can be used. When using a large screen controller with greater horizontal and vertical display limits than the printer, use

Voite&i? TUBIL'HS SaKi! Ill VJ5.-i fti-iS'i*- ,- :-:;!> ' i,ru>-'€: l!.s"ae £ £ HP 3G«£. i-W "V

Quick Reference 1 Approximate HP 3048A Phase Noise Floor vs. R Port Signal Level pg. 7-2 2 HP 3048A Phase Noise Floor and Region of Validity of £(/) =

1 Approximate HP 3048A Phase Noise Floor vs. R Port Signal Level Approximate Phase Noise Floor (dBc/Hz) f> 10 kHz L Port Signal Level Is Assumed to

ftPPLE Estimating The Phase Noise Floor The Noise Floor May Vary ±'0dB at Offsets O00kH7 With Trie LNA Out +10 dBM Noise Floor .34v/ Rod Estimati

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (9 of 17) Key Name Marker Marker 1 Marker 2 Marker 3561A Marker ON/OFF Marker (RF Analyzer) Mass Storage New Msrmnt NewN

dL HP 3048A Phase Noise Floor and Region of Validity of £(f) 50 r— r-n-i 1 r-i~ri 1 r-r-ri 1 r-r-ri 1 i-n-j 1 r-rn , | i-n-40 ' ________ __

1PU MEASUREMENT RESULT £(f) invalid everywhere above line ../ \i—'..r-\! \ 1(f) valid everywhere below line S0(f) MEASUREMENT RESULT r S0(f) va

O Phase Noise Level of Various HP Sources .01 .1 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K !M 10M 40M £(f) [dBc/Hz] vs. f [Hz] Description This graph indicates the level o

mmPL Hn 8662A Used HP S6^2A Used 1 to 8 kHz 8 kHz to 40 MHz HP 8642A DUT Level HP 8662A MEASUREMENT RESULT Quick Reference 7

Increase in Measured Noise as Reference Source Noise Approaches DUT Noise m CO o z. ~o ZJ CO u ID > f OJ CO o cu t o c CO u a) CO o 2: m 0 r a) ^ Q

1MMPU MEASUREMENT RESULT 1dB 6d B* 80 V 3dB 0 100 ^K 10K 100K 1(f) [dBc/Hz] vs. f[Hz] Quick Reference 7-9

3 Approximate Sensitivity of Delay Line Discriminator .01 .1 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 10M 40M X(f) [dBc/Hz] vs. f [Hz] Description The dependence of a

smMPLi +15 dBM AT PORT "L1 + 5 dBM AT PORT "R1 1 GHz DUT POWER H SPLITTER COAX DELAY LINE Coax Delay Line (RG55) =s 8 dB Loss/50 foot at 1 G

O AM Calibration Equivalent Phase Detector Constant vs. Detector Voltage vs. input Power Diode Detector Voltage (Vdc) Description The AM detector sens

;MMPL[ DUT -'^ J048A O^T K23 DC BLOCKING FILTER D HP JCK8A OPT K?1 AM DETECTOR Til TER D ^P 3333CO DETECTOR + .5v Diode Detector Voltage ^ [O]L ^

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (10 of 17) Key Name Next Method Next Page Next Type Noise Flat Noise Floor Noise Monitor Normal Normalized Bandwidths Om

I Voltage Controlled Source Tuning Requirements Peak Tuning Range (PTR) = Voltage Tuning Range X VCO Tuning Constant Min. PTR = .1 Hz Max. PTR = 500 k

mpu 10 MHz DUT SOURCE FXDOCTOG I / 1 1 1 1 I 1 \ \ \ \ \ I Deo* : U\j Dr:~t Range Hz y . 1 1 / l \ \ \ \ t i \ \ 1 Beatnote ?ecuired :jeuk Tun>a Ro

8 Voltage Tuning Range vs. Center Voltage in O > cn C o c 'c a) cr> o +± o > -10 -5 -2 -1-.50.5 12 5 10 Center Voltage of VCO Tuning Cur

mmPL Acceotaole L^try 2 V to 77 Quick Reference 7-17

5/ Tuning Characteristics of Various VCO Source Options VCO Source HP 8662/3A EFC DCFM HP 8642A/B HP 8640B HP 8656B Other Signal Generator DCFM Calibr

AMPLE Ik HP 8662A REAR PANE DDQ o o nl i 0 O 1 1 3CZ)C o o Ere IN 100 MHz 5E - 9 X :e - .5 " L. n e p o rt E' e s i s t G r c e Refer To Ch

5/ Tuning Characteristics of Various VCO Source Options VCO Source HP S662/3A EFC DCFM HP 8642A/B HP 8640B HP 8656B Other Signal Generator DCFM Calibr

'AMPU HP 8642A □ a o ! !□ n □ □ □□ □□□□□ an □□ □ □ □□ □□□□□ x-~^n „_ □ □□ nnaaa f ),-,,-, 0*g^.r-ir-i nrn nnnnn V /UU. DO~M 'o - 900 Mhz ck

U Peak Tuning Range Required Due to Noise Level .01 .1 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 10M 40M X(f) [dBc/Hz] vs. f[Hz] Description This graph provides a compa

xmpu 800 kHz Required Lxpecied Noise eve; Of OUT 800 khz PTR une V'o!t Range Tune Voltage Range Of VCO n r~\ r~\ /—\. , r~\ r~\ /~~\ /— "\ r

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (11 of 17) Key Name Other Keys Param Summary Pert. Tests Place DUTs Plot Data SHIFT Plot Data Plot ON/OFF Plotter Pens P

11 Phase Lock Loop Bandwidth vs. Peak Tuning Range N X 5 D_ 1M 100k 10k 1k ~° 100 D m 10 1 .1 ------- / I 1 .1 °;/> • > // //y '/ ~7 5// /*

SAMPLE Ih OBSERVED INJECTION LOCKING owest Bcatnote '^ r e a J C n c , W i t h o u t i n ; e c t i o ^ .. o c K i n g 40 \'7 ISO Hz I'

I Phase Lock Loop Bandwidth vs. Peak Tuning Range N X ~o 5 ~U c n CO i i Q_ 1M 100k 10k 1k 100 10 ------ / i i i i °y> i J ^ // J i // > / i i

SmiMPU FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF THE VCO TUNE PORT VCO TL.ne Port BW cb i ; Nj §@ 3kHz jlk IUOY Acceptable PLLBW| iSU 180 < > \ s. V 00 1k FREQUE

£m HP 3048A Noise Ffoor Limits Due to Peak Tuning Range .01 .1 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 10M 40M 1(f) [dBc/Hz] vs. f [Hz] Description This graph shows t

mmPL SEES C X TV - = TR '2.5 <Hz/V X 10\ - 12b khz =TR DU' MeaFjurerrent csuhs Approximate System No'se rloo<" For 125 KHZ P

Messages 8 Introduction The HP 3048A displays messages to aid you during the measurement process. These messages are grouped into four categories: Err

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (1 of 17) The Signal level entering the NOISE INPUT port of the HP 11848A exceeds 1 volt peak. Action: Press the Re

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (2 of 17) 2 (cont'd) 3AHGE: 20 diV 3TATUJ: PAUSES V: -T?.43 .till 7. Narrow Modulation Bandwidth i-v : T A p T

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (3 of 17) 2 (cont'd) 1. Narrow Modulation Bandwidth A noise hump on a relatively clean loop suppression curve

Volume 1 Contents Softkey Index Chapter 1, General Information Introduction 1-1 Chapter 2, Measurement Definitions Introduction 2-1 Type/Range 2-3 Ins

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (12 of 17) Key Name Preset Proceed w/Adj. Proceed Theor. Quadr Method PULSED Read Dir. Recal Spurs Redraw Graph SHIFT Re

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (4 of 17) 2 ff the modulation bandwidth of the VCO source you are using is not at least 10 times greater (cont&apos

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (5 of 17) 2 (cont'd) 2. Large Spur on Input Signal A sharp peak on an otherwise correct loop suppression curve

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (6 of 17) Unable to close the Phase Lock Loop. Action: There are several possible conditions that can prevent the H

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (7 of 17) 4 (cont'd) N X -t-> g a c o CD Q_ 1M 100k 10k 1k 100 10 1 .1 ------h- r" I ! . ,. °;/v t

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (8 of 17) 4 If you do not know the modulation bandwidth for your VCO source, you can determine it (cont'd) by

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (9 of 17) Measured beatnotes depict non-linear VCO Tuning Constant. (Error 7 only occurs when the HP 3048A has been

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (10 of 17) 7 (cont'd) 4. If the Frequency Intervals vary greatly and are considerably larger than expected for

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (11 of 17) 11 DC offset too large. Waveform does not cross 0 volts. This error occurs when the system is measuring

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (12 of 17) 12 Insufficient span. Less than one waveform found. A minimum of four zero crossings is necessary across

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (13 of 17) 14 (cont'd) 15 2. Verify that the Phase Detector DC offset is < 30 mV (< 50 mV for the 1.2 to

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (13 of 17) Key Name Redraw GraticI SHIFT Redraw GraticI Ref. Source Remove Line Repeat Msrmnt Results Files RF Segmnts R

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (14 of 17) 16 Detector Constant > 10 V/Rad. The measured Phase Detector Constant exceeded the system's 10 V

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (15 of 17) 18 19 20 21 The system perceives that the signals from the two sources differ by more than 15% of the VC

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (16 of 17) 22 User tone not within +/-5 dB of -60 dBc. Press re-try if you wish to re-adjust and continue. The leve

Table 8-1. Numbered Error Messages (17 of 17) 28 29 30 110 Unable to disable PLL integrator by setting out-of-lock flip-flop. Test 03 results may be i

Tabte 8-2. Unnumbered Error Messages (1 of 2) Bad segment definitions. The defined segments do not include the 100 kHz offset data point when accessin

Table 8-2. Unnumbered Error Messages (2 of 2) Peak tuning range exceeds Hz. The maximum Peak Tuning Range is 500 kHz (or 200 MHz when using a configur

Table 8-2. Unnumbered Error Messages (2 of 2) '10 MHz A' and internal '400 MHz Osc./VCO' are mutually exclusive. 10 MHz A cannot o

Table 8-3. Reference Messages (1 of 7) Establish quadrature manually. Action: Manually adjust the source frequency or the phase shifter to attain quad

Table 8-3. Reference Messages (2 of 7) Cause FIRST calibration PEAK voltage at mixer input. Action: Adjust the frequency of the source, or adjust the

Table 8-3. Reference Messages (3 of 7) 6 7 8 9 Remove the calibration spur. If the spur signal is not removed, it will appear in the measurement and c

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (14 of 17) Key Name Select Test Send Command Set Clock Set Line Sigma vs. Tau Slope Lines Sngl Path Solve A,B.C Solve fo

Table 8-3. Reference Messages (4 of 7) 9 (cont'd) Action: Press the Proceed key to cause the HP 3048A to attempt to relock the loop and re-measur

Table 8-3. Reference Messages (5 of 7) 1 "| The LNA of the HP 11848A has been bypassed. This will result in a degradation of the system noise flo

Table 8-3. Reference Messages (6 of 7) 12 (cont'd) Action: 1. The key factor for having a good match between the measured loop suppression and th

Table 8-3. Reference Messages (7 of 7) 12 (cont'd) If the Ace. Spec. Deg. is >2 dB, perform steps 1. and 2. again very carefully, pay close at

Table 8-4. Warning Messages Calibration AM Rate changed... This warning informs the user of an automatic change in AM rate for the Calibration Source.

Table 8-4. Warning Messages SYSTEM UNINITIALIZED. PROPER OPERATION UNLIKELY... The system is unable to find the default files. Make sure the System Da

Table 8-5. Status Messages (1 of 11) Acceptable 'Tuning Range' for this 'Center Voltage': The system has automatically adjusted th

Table 8-5. Status Messages (2 of 11) Approx internal noise floor {LNA in, Offsets > 10 kHz: dBc/Hz... The Detector Constant and LNA determine the S

Table 8-5. Status Messages (3 of 11) Calibrating the RF Level of HP XXXXX RF ANALYZER;... The system measures the amplitude of a 100 kHz tone with bot

Table 8-5. Status Messages (4 of 11) Creating disk file: The system is creating new 'MEDIAJD' file Crunch... The system is performing an int

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (15 of 17) Key Name Spcl. Funct'n Spec Lines Spur Accy. Spur List Store Caldata Store Config Store File Store Table

Table 8-5. Status Messages (5 of 11) Generating theoretical loop suppression... The system is fitting the theoretical response generated from the cali

Table 8-5. Status Messages (6 of 11) Measuring reference trace... This message indicates that a reference path for a transfer function measurement is

Table 8-5. Status Messages (7 of 11) Phase lock has been lost. Press 'Proceed' to attempt to re-lock the loop... Phase lock was lost during

Table 8-5. Status Messages (8 of 11) Returning to 'Main Software Level'... The System gave-up and re-booted itself. Action: Verify that the

Table 8-5. Status Messages (9 of 11) SYSTEM OPERATING IN PULSE MODE. ESTABLISH QUADRATURE VIA AUX. MONITOR PORT... The PULSED Carrier Type was selecte

Table 8-5. Status Messages (10 of 11) The system was trying to access the following file when the error occurred: This is the standard fiier error mes

Table 8-5. Status Messages (11 of 11) Verifying Quadrature... The System is checking the dc level out of the Phase Detector. Verifying system configur

Index 0.001 Hz offset measurements, 5-20 1 Hz bandwidth, 4-15 2 device comparison, see: 2 Osc. Compar. 2 Osc. Compar., 4-23 2 oscillator comparison, s

AM Detector, 2 -8, 2 89, 6-63 Constant, 2-89 filter, 6 63 AM measurements HP 11729C, 6-43. see also: HP 3048A Operating Manual AM Noise, instrument pa

c cal system, 7, 5 44. see also: HP 3048A Calibration Manual CALDATAHI, 5-45. see also: HP 3048A Calibration Manual CALDATALO, 5 45. see also: HP 3048

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions {16 of 17) Key Name Suppr. Plot System Clock System Config System Preset Take Sweep Test All Test Files Test Mode Normal

counters, 6-45 couplers, 2-73, 6 64 Create Dir. (create directory), 2-126, 3-18 Current Detector Constant, 2-44 w/o PLL, 2-59 Cutler, 4-11 cutoff freq

Detector Constant, 3-7, 7-2. see also: Phase Detector Constant estimating, 2 91, 7 2 w/PLL, 2-43 detector selection, AM Noise, 2 39 w/FM Discriminator

DUT, 2 102, 3 11 DUT source, 2-108 dynamic signal analyzer, see: HP 3561A E EFC, 6 8, 7-18 enhanced tuning range, 2-27, 7 18 entered K_VCO, 3-5. see a

FM rate and deviation calibration w/FM discriminator, 2-85 FM spectral density, 2-117, 3-21 Fnctl. Chk., 10, 5-44 fractional frequency deviation, 4-9

HP 11729C specs, 4, 6-33 HP 11808A, 6 61 HP 11848A block diagram, 5 42 HP 11848A Interface, 1-2, 5-35, 5 43 HP 11848ALNA, 3 12,5 9, 7 2 HP 3048A, 1 2

I Ignore Out Of Lock Test Mode, 10, 5-8 injection locking, 2-48, 2-56, 7 22. see also: HP 3048A Operating Manual Instr. Params, 2 13 Instrument Parame

loop holding range, see: Drift Tracking Range loop suppression, 2 54, 3-9 loop suppression verification, 2 54, 3 -9 Low Noise Amplifier, 3 12, 5-9, 5-

mixer sensitivity, see: Phase Detector Constant modulation analyzer, 2 67, 2-93, 6-63 move down, 3-26 move up, 3 26 multimeter, 6-47 N N, 4-9 National

Option 003, 1 7 Option 004, 1-7 Option 005, 1 7 Option 006, 1 7 Option 101, 1-8 Option 110, 1 8 Option 201, 1- 8 Option 202, 1-8 Option 910, 1 8 Out o

Phase Noise, of various HP sources, 6 3, 7 6 Using an FM Discriminator, 2-35 Using a Phase Lock Loop measurement type, 2-4 Without Using a PLL, 2-31 W

Table 1. Softkey Descriptions (17 of 17) Key Name Test Mode (cont'd) Ignore Out-of-lock Time Base Toggle LNA Trouble Shoot Tuning Const Tune Volt

region of validity, 7 4 relation of L(f) to Allan Variance, 4-13 remove line, 16, 3 26 repeat measurement, see: HP 3048A Operating Manual residual (tw

small angle criteria £(/), see: region of validity s„(f), 2 117, 3 21, 4-4 Software Materials Subscription (SMS), 1 5 Software Notification Service (S

Sy(f), 2 117, 3 21, 4 4 System Config, 6-1 System Clock, 6-59 System Configuration, 6 1 T t, 4-9 tau (r), 4-9 table of data points for supported analy

u uncal light, 6-29 unmarked spurs, 4-22, 4-26, 4-28 Unnumbered Error Messages, 8 19 Update Dir, 2-123, 3-15 v V/^jHz, 2 75 V/Rad, 2-57 VCO slope, see

General Information Introduction The HP 3048A Phase Noise Measurement Reference Manual is designed to aid you in understanding and performing the HP 3

HP 3048A Description What is the HP 3048A? The HP 3048A provides you a standard process for measuring phase noise. It allows you to measure sources of

What is the HP 3048A Used For ? The HP 3048A is designed to reduce the difficulty of making accurate phase noise measurements. The HP 3048A allows you

Documentation Updating A "MANUAL UPDATES" packet is shipped with the manual when changes to the manual are necessary to provide the most cur

Chapter 3, Graphics Functions Introduction 3-1 Param Summary (Parameter Summary) 3-3 Define Graph 3-19 Marker ON/OFF 3-23 Slope Lines 3-25 Plotters 3-

Software Updating Software is a significant part of the HP 3048A Phase Noise System Hewlett-Packard offers two levels of software support services for

New Software Releases With SMS you will automatically receive all software releases for the HP 3048A as they become available. These releases may prov

Guide to System Flexibility The HP 3048A can be configured many different ways to optimize its operation for specific applications. All configurations

HP 3048A Spectrum Analyzer Options • Option 101 adds the HP 3585B Spectrum Analyzer to extend the system's offset measurement range from 100 kHz

Desktop Computers Computers used with the HP 3048A system must have a BASIC 5.0 Operating System, and a minimum of 3 Mbytes of RAM to operate the HP 3

Disc Drives • HP 9122D Dual Disc Drive for 31/2-inch flexible discs. • HP 9153A 10 Mbyte Winchester Disc Drive with a built-in 3y2-mch flexible disc d

System and Option Specifications The System specifications and Option specifications are iisted in Table 1-1 and Table 1-2 respectively. Specification

Table 1-1. HP 3048A System Specifications (1 of 4) HP 3048A System Specifications PHASE DETECTOR PORTS Frequency Range: 5 MHz to 1.6 GHz (low-frequenc

Table 1-1. HP 3048A System Specifications (2 of 4) System Phase Noise and Spurious Responses (Does not include phase noise and spurious signals from a

Table 1-1. HP 3048A System Specifications (3 of 4) NOISE INPUT PORT (For use with externa! phase detector or frequency discriminator) Frequency: 0.01

Volume 2 Contents Chapter 5, Special Functions Introduction 5-1 Test Mode 5-3 Carrier Type 5-9 FFT Segmnts (HP 3561A Segments) 5-13 RF Segmnts (RF Spe

Table 1-1. HP 3048A System Specifications (4 of 4) Typical Noise and Spur Levels Power Requirements: Between 190 and 900 VA depending on options inclu

Table 1-2. HP 3048A System Option Specifications (1 of 9) HP 3048A Option Specifications The HP 3048A can be ordered with any of several optional sign

Table 1-2. HP 3048A System Option Specifications (2 of 9) Spectral Purity2 Absolute Phase Noise 0.1 to 120 MHz 120 to 160 MHz 160 to 320 MHz 320 to 64

Table 1-2. HP 3048A System Option Specifications (3 of 9) Spurious Signals Spurious nonhar-monicafly related1 Subharmonically re-lated (1/2, 3f/2, etc

Table 1-2. HP 3048A System Option Specifications (4 of 9) OPTIONS 003 OR 004: ADDING THE HP 11729C OR 11729C OPT 130 CARRIER NOISE TEST SET The follow

Table 1-2. HP 3048A System Option Specifications (5 of 9) * s f 1 1 -20 -40 -60 -80 100 120 140 180 V ^ N ^X N, Specification Typical " s^. 1 10

Table 1-2. HP 3048A System Option Specifications (6 of 9) System Spurious System spurious signals in the HP 3048A Options 003 or 004 arise in three wa

Table 1-2. HP 3048A System Option Specifications (7 of 9) Spectral Purity Absolute Phase Noise5 Carrier Frequency Band 1057.5-2115* 528.7 - 1057.5 264

Table 1-2. HP 3048A System Option Specifications (8 of 9) Amplitude Maximum Output Level:>16 dBm. Modulation Modulation Types: FM, AM, Phase, Pulse

Table 1-2. HP 3048A System Option Specifications (9 of 9) COMPATIBLE SPECTRUM ANALYZERS The HP 3048A is designed to use several Hewlett-Packard spectr

Chapter 7, Quick Reference 1 Approximate HP 3048A Phase Noise Floor vs. R Port Signal Level 7-2 2 HP 3048A Phase Noise Floor and Region of Validity of

Visrm

Measurement Definitions Introduction The Measurement Definition is the process of defining the measurement. This section describes the processes invol

Type/Range Define Msrmnt ~ype/Range MEflSUREMENF TYPE AND FREWNCY RANGE SPECIFICATION MFFKUREMENl r'F't: hase Noise Using a Phase Lock Loop

Measurement Type To select the correct type of measurement, you need to determine the type of noise to be measured and then the technique that best su

SOURCE CONTROL FOR MEASUREMENT US NG fi PHASE LOCK LOOP DUT USER'S SRCE SYSTEM CNTRL _REF SOURCE^ USER'S SRCE MANUAL CNTRL _TIME BfiSE_ 10 M

Phase Noise Without Using a PLL measurement type is used to measure the residual phase noise of a Two Port (input/output) device. Two Port devices can

AM Noise Measurements The AM Noise measurement type is used to measure the AM Noise on a signal. SOURCE CONTROL FOR fill NOISE MEASUREMENT DUT SOURCE

To make an AM Noise Measurement, an AM Detector is used to translate AM Noise to voltage fluctuations. A DC block (HP 3048A Option K21) is also requir

CONNECT US SHOWN BELOW IOISE SPCE Press 'Pr-ixeefiT when read', ure 2-5. Block Diagram of the HP 3561A Baseband Noise Measurement Type/Rang

Baseband Noise Measurement measurement type uses the HP 11848A External Noise Input to direct the Noise Voltage to either the HP 3561A Dynamic Signal

Index 0.001 Hz offset measurements, 5-20 1 Hz bandwidth, 4-15 2 device comparison, see: 2 Osc. Compar. 2 Osc. Compar., 4 23 2 oscillator comparison, s

NOISE SPCE F?F OUT * ^ress 'Proceed' when ready. CONNECT RS SHOWN BELOW 1 1S4SH a 3 5 6 1 R D |E3E30 1 1 3 513 5 R 5 0 Oh*! Figure 2-6. Bl

Range The defined Start and Stop Frequencies specify the frequency range that will be measured by the HP 3048A. Averages The minimum number of average

Instr. Params Introduction The Instr. Params softkey accesses the menu for defining the character-istics of the measurement setup. The parameters defi

Phase Noise Using a Phase Lock Loop Define Msrmnt Instr. Params SOURCE RND INTERnSfPRRFlMETER ENTRY FNTSTR THE FOLI.!"iWIf-Jf. PARAMETERS; -larr

NOTE When loading a Result File for calculating Sigma vs. Tau, the carrier frequency used for the measurement must be entered in the Instrument Parame

Frequency Parameter Considerations • If the Carrier Frequency denned for the measurement is incorrect, the Computed Output calculations may be in erro

Center Voltage of VCO Tuning Curve is the center voltage of the tuning curve of the VCO or the voltage required at the tune port input to set the VCO

VCO Tune-port Input Resistance is the input impedance of the VCO's tune port. This entry must be accurate to within ± 5% when the VCO Tuning Cons

The Peak Tuning Range determines the Drift Tracking Range (20% of PTR), and the PLL Capture Range (10% of PTR) for the measurement. Peak Tuning Range

2. If the drift estimate is based on a period of 10 minutes to | hour, use the drift estimate directly as the PTR required for the measurement. If the

AM Detector, 2-8, 2-89, 6 63 Constant, 2-89 filter, 6 63 AM measurements HP 11729C, 6-43. see also: HP 3048A Operating Manual AM Noise, instrument par

.01 .1 1 10 100 !K 10K 100K 1M 10M 40M Jl(f) [dBc/Hz] vs. f [Hz] Figure 2-8. Noise Floor Level Limits for Various PTRs If you maximized the PTR for yo

Phase Lock Loop Bandwidth The PTR also determines the Phase Lock Loop Bandwidth (PLL BW) for the measurement as shown in Figure 2-9. N X -t-j XJ 5 c o

The PLL BW requirement for the measurement is a function of the average noise level of the signal sources. If the average noise level on the input sig

VCO Tuning Linearity The HP 3048A requires that the VCO's tuning curve nonlinearity not exceed the limits described in Figure 2-11 out to ±45% of

Measuring the VCO Tuning Constant The following procedure describes the HP 3048A process for measuring the VCO Tuning Constant. 1. The HP 3048A drives

Detector Selection The Select Detect, softkey provides selection between the HP 11848A Phase Detectors. Verify that the selected Phase Detector is: •

Enhanced Tuning Range Using a Calibrated DC FM Source Enhanced Tuning Range is a method to increase the PTR by using the total available tuning range

How do You Enhance the Tuning Range? The Enhanced Tuning Range allows the system to use the total VCO Tuning Range available from a calibrated DC FM S

Considerations with Enhancing the Tuning Range. • The system is instructed to use a Voltage Tuning Range that exceeds the calibrated Tune Port input o

• When Enhanced Tuning Range is used the system is unable to measure the VCO Tuning Constant and you must select the "Compute from Expected T. Co